Difference between revisions of "Aiphanes minima"
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{{Palmbox | {{Palmbox | ||
| − | |image= | + | |image=Minima.jpg |
| − | |image_caption= | + | |image_caption=Photo by Ryan D. Gallivan. |
| − | |genus=Aiphanes ( | + | |genus=Aiphanes (ah-ee-FAHN-ehz) |
| − | |species=minima ( | + | |species=<br>minima (mihn-EE-mah) |
|subspecies= | |subspecies= | ||
|cultivar= | |cultivar= | ||
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|common_names=Bitten Palm, Macaw Palm | |common_names=Bitten Palm, Macaw Palm | ||
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==Habitat and Distribution== | ==Habitat and Distribution== | ||
| − | ''A. minima'' is found in the rain forests of most islands in the West Indies, Barbados, Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, Dominica, Martinique, and St. Vincent, with the exception of Cuba. Wet forests, altitude up to 2000 m. elevation. | + | ''A. minima'' is found in the rain forests of most islands in the West Indies, [[Image:Am00001.jpg|thumb|left|400px|Fairchild FL.]]Barbados, Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, Dominica, Martinique, and St. Vincent, with the exception of Cuba. Wet forests, altitude up to 2000 m. elevation. |
== Description == | == Description == | ||
| − | A variable spiny palm to 25-50 ft/7.6-15 m with a full and well rounded crown. Leaf: Pinnate, Leaf stays flat. Leaflets with jagged ends, Paripinnate leaves (length: 2 m), composed of 18-34 pairs of pinnae linear (length: 40-75 cm), incised margins. Macaw Palms have spines on the upper and lower leaf surfaces. Trunk: Brown with fine black spines., 6 inches in diameter (15 cm). Flowers [[monoecious]], whitish yellow, grouped in panicles, axillary and interlayer compounds (length: 2 m). Fragrant creamy to light yellow flowers. Flower stalk coming from among the leaves, pendulous, much longer than the leaves (6 feet - 1.8 m). Fruit: red. 0.7 inch (1.6 cm). round. Seed: round, pitted. Edible seed. As well as spiny leaves as a juvenile, the rachis, petiole and trunk of the adult are covered in sharp black spines. Its older pendulous leaves gives this palm a most elegant and graceful appearance. (From the French) | + | A variable spiny palm to 25-50 ft/7.6-15 m with a full and well rounded crown. Leaf: Pinnate, Leaf stays flat. Leaflets with jagged ends, Paripinnate leaves (length: 2 m), composed of 18-34 pairs of pinnae linear (length: 40-75 cm), incised margins. Macaw Palms have spines on the upper and lower leaf surfaces. Trunk: Brown with fine black spines., 6 inches in diameter (15 cm). Flowers [[monoecious]], whitish yellow, grouped in panicles, axillary and interlayer compounds (length: 2 m). Fragrant creamy to light yellow flowers. Flower stalk coming from among the leaves, pendulous, much longer than the leaves (6 feet - 1.8 m). Fruit: red. 0.7 inch (1.6 cm). round. Seed: round, pitted. Edible seed. As well as spiny leaves as a juvenile, the rachis, petiole and trunk of the adult are covered in sharp black spines. Its older pendulous leaves gives this palm a most elegant and graceful appearance. (From the French). |
==Culture== | ==Culture== | ||
| + | <center>[[file:PFC_for_PP.png|500px|link=http://www.palmpedia.net/palmsforcal/index.php5/Aiphanes_minima]]</center> | ||
Min. Temperature: 28°F (-2°C) Water Requirements: Regular water, Sun Requirements: Light shade to shade. Germination: easy when fresh. Juveniles reportedly require a shady location to get established after which they can tolerate sun or partial shade. A well drained soil free of salt is imperative. Aside from that it will tolerate most other growing conditions well. Best in a tropical climate, but will survive and even thrive in a warm Mediterranean climate like Southern California. In such a climate, best in semi-shade, surrounded by other plants to both protect from the Santa Ana winds, and to provide extra humidty through transpiration. | Min. Temperature: 28°F (-2°C) Water Requirements: Regular water, Sun Requirements: Light shade to shade. Germination: easy when fresh. Juveniles reportedly require a shady location to get established after which they can tolerate sun or partial shade. A well drained soil free of salt is imperative. Aside from that it will tolerate most other growing conditions well. Best in a tropical climate, but will survive and even thrive in a warm Mediterranean climate like Southern California. In such a climate, best in semi-shade, surrounded by other plants to both protect from the Santa Ana winds, and to provide extra humidty through transpiration. | ||
==Comments and Curiosities== | ==Comments and Curiosities== | ||
| − | Because of its | + | Because of its variability and ease of hybridizing in cultivation, this palm has experienced repeated name and group changes, and therefore a legacy of some confusion. |
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| − | + | Despite its spiny appearance, the Macaw Palm is a popular ornamental in the tropics, usually cultivated under the name Aiphanes erosa. In the wild, it is widespread in rainforests or seasonally dry forests throughout the Caribbean. It grows a fairly slender, spiny trunk that can reach up to 18 m (60 ft.) tall, topped by a lush crown of dark green, bushy leaves. The attractive, brilliant red fruits hold edible seeds that are reminiscent of coconut. A. minima will grow in sun as well as in deep shade and is a very fast and rewarding palm mainly for the tropics. (RPS.com) | |
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| − | + | {{#Widget:AdResban}} | |
| − | <center><gallery caption="IMAGE GALLERY" perrow=" | + | <center><gallery caption="IMAGE GALLERY" perrow="" widths="" heights=""> |
Image:Aiphanes minima aka acanthophylla.JPG|Wiamea, Hawaii. | Image:Aiphanes minima aka acanthophylla.JPG|Wiamea, Hawaii. | ||
Image:Aiphan min ov.jpg|Australia | Image:Aiphan min ov.jpg|Australia | ||
Image:Aiphanes mimima trunk Sul.JPG|Trunk Detail. | Image:Aiphanes mimima trunk Sul.JPG|Trunk Detail. | ||
Image:Aiphanes minima trunk.JPG|Hawaii | Image:Aiphanes minima trunk.JPG|Hawaii | ||
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Image:AipanminiIMG 0201.JPG|Fairchild FL | Image:AipanminiIMG 0201.JPG|Fairchild FL | ||
image:Aiphanes_minima.jpg | image:Aiphanes_minima.jpg | ||
| − | Image: | + | Image:erosa.jpg|Southern California. |
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image:Ae05.jpg | image:Ae05.jpg | ||
image:Ae06.jpg | image:Ae06.jpg | ||
image:Aiphanes_erosa01z.jpg | image:Aiphanes_erosa01z.jpg | ||
image:4fbb6f.jpg | image:4fbb6f.jpg | ||
| − | image: | + | image:Am00001.jpg|Fairchild FL |
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image:Am00006.jpg | image:Am00006.jpg | ||
image:Am00007.jpg | image:Am00007.jpg | ||
| − | image: | + | image:Am00008.jpg |
image:Am00009.jpg | image:Am00009.jpg | ||
image:Am000010.jpg | image:Am000010.jpg | ||
| − | image: | + | image:Minima.jpg|Photo by Ryan D. Gallivan. |
| − | image:GBPIX_photo_302977.jpg|New Caledonia, photo by Ben | + | image:GBPIX_photo_302977.jpg|New Caledonia, photo by Ben. |
| − | image:GBPIX_photo_302979.jpg|New Caledonia, photo by Ben, | + | image:GBPIX_photo_302979.jpg|New Caledonia, photo by Ben. |
| − | + | File:post-608-0-24276600-1349590793.jpg|Thailand. Photo by Daxin Liu. | |
| − | + | Image:Aiphanes minima seeds and seedling.JPG|Seeds and seedling. | |
| − | + | File:Aiphanes minima.JPG|Pomano Beach, FL. Photo by John Doughten. | |
| − | + | File:amIMG_1312.JPG|Pomano Beach, FL. Photo by John Doughten. | |
| − | + | File:amIMG_1313.JPG|Pomano Beach, FL. Photo by John Doughten. | |
| − | + | File:amIMG_1314.JPG|Pomano Beach, FL. Photo by John Doughten. | |
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| + | File:Aiphanes_minima3.jpg|Photo by Hardyplants | ||
| + | File:aiphanes-minima-10310006_0_1_800x1600_38f67.jpg | ||
| + | File:aiphanes-minima-11750044_0_1_800x1600_38f67.jpg | ||
| + | File:Aiphanes_min_flower_FTG_FG4040A_2004111562947.jpg | ||
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| + | File:20151220_190807.jpg.20b03feb6298e8b37a1924635049420e.jpg|Sri lanka. Photo by Ahamed. | ||
</gallery></center> | </gallery></center> | ||
| + | ==External Links== | ||
| + | *[http://eunops.org/content/glossary-palm-terms Glossary of Palm Terms] | ||
| + | *[http://www.calflora.net/botanicalnames/pronunciation.html MODERN BOTANICAL LATIN] | ||
| + | *[http://www.jlhudsonseeds.net/Pronunciation.htm "Just To Be Clear"] | ||
| + | *https://idtools.org/id/palms/palmid/factsheet.php?name=Aiphanes+minima | ||
| + | ==References== | ||
| + | Phonetic spelling of Latin names by edric. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Special thanks to Geoff Stein, (Palmbob) for his hundreds of photos. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Special thanks to [http://palmweb.org/?q=node/2 Palmweb.org], Dr. John Dransfield, Dr. Bill Baker & team, for their volumes of information and photos. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Glossary of Palm Terms; Based on the glossary in Dransfield, J., N.W. Uhl, C.B. Asmussen-Lange, W.J. Baker, M.M. Harley & C.E. Lewis. 2008. Genera Palmarum - Evolution and Classification of the Palms. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. All images copyright of the artists and photographers (see images for credits). | ||
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{{SpeciesListBackLink}} | {{SpeciesListBackLink}} | ||
[[Category:AIPHANES|minima]] | [[Category:AIPHANES|minima]] | ||
Latest revision as of 09:45, 23 June 2019
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 Photo by Ryan D. Gallivan. | |||||||
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Contents
Habitat and Distribution
A. minima is found in the rain forests of most islands in the West Indies,
Description
A variable spiny palm to 25-50 ft/7.6-15 m with a full and well rounded crown. Leaf: Pinnate, Leaf stays flat. Leaflets with jagged ends, Paripinnate leaves (length: 2 m), composed of 18-34 pairs of pinnae linear (length: 40-75 cm), incised margins. Macaw Palms have spines on the upper and lower leaf surfaces. Trunk: Brown with fine black spines., 6 inches in diameter (15 cm). Flowers monoecious, whitish yellow, grouped in panicles, axillary and interlayer compounds (length: 2 m). Fragrant creamy to light yellow flowers. Flower stalk coming from among the leaves, pendulous, much longer than the leaves (6 feet - 1.8 m). Fruit: red. 0.7 inch (1.6 cm). round. Seed: round, pitted. Edible seed. As well as spiny leaves as a juvenile, the rachis, petiole and trunk of the adult are covered in sharp black spines. Its older pendulous leaves gives this palm a most elegant and graceful appearance. (From the French).
Culture
Min. Temperature: 28°F (-2°C) Water Requirements: Regular water, Sun Requirements: Light shade to shade. Germination: easy when fresh. Juveniles reportedly require a shady location to get established after which they can tolerate sun or partial shade. A well drained soil free of salt is imperative. Aside from that it will tolerate most other growing conditions well. Best in a tropical climate, but will survive and even thrive in a warm Mediterranean climate like Southern California. In such a climate, best in semi-shade, surrounded by other plants to both protect from the Santa Ana winds, and to provide extra humidty through transpiration.
Comments and Curiosities
Because of its variability and ease of hybridizing in cultivation, this palm has experienced repeated name and group changes, and therefore a legacy of some confusion.
Despite its spiny appearance, the Macaw Palm is a popular ornamental in the tropics, usually cultivated under the name Aiphanes erosa. In the wild, it is widespread in rainforests or seasonally dry forests throughout the Caribbean. It grows a fairly slender, spiny trunk that can reach up to 18 m (60 ft.) tall, topped by a lush crown of dark green, bushy leaves. The attractive, brilliant red fruits hold edible seeds that are reminiscent of coconut. A. minima will grow in sun as well as in deep shade and is a very fast and rewarding palm mainly for the tropics. (RPS.com)
- IMAGE GALLERY
Wiamea, Hawaii.
Australia
Trunk Detail.
Hawaii
Fairchild FL
Southern California.
Fairchild FL
Photo by Ryan D. Gallivan.
New Caledonia, photo by Ben.
New Caledonia, photo by Ben.
Thailand. Photo by Daxin Liu.
Seeds and seedling.
Pomano Beach, FL. Photo by John Doughten.
Pomano Beach, FL. Photo by John Doughten.
Pomano Beach, FL. Photo by John Doughten.
Pomano Beach, FL. Photo by John Doughten.
Photo by Hardyplants
Sri lanka. Photo by Ahamed.
External Links
- Glossary of Palm Terms
- MODERN BOTANICAL LATIN
- "Just To Be Clear"
- https://idtools.org/id/palms/palmid/factsheet.php?name=Aiphanes+minima
References
Phonetic spelling of Latin names by edric.
Special thanks to Geoff Stein, (Palmbob) for his hundreds of photos.
Special thanks to Palmweb.org, Dr. John Dransfield, Dr. Bill Baker & team, for their volumes of information and photos.
Glossary of Palm Terms; Based on the glossary in Dransfield, J., N.W. Uhl, C.B. Asmussen-Lange, W.J. Baker, M.M. Harley & C.E. Lewis. 2008. Genera Palmarum - Evolution and Classification of the Palms. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. All images copyright of the artists and photographers (see images for credits).
Many Special Thanks to Ed Vaile for his long hours of tireless editing and numerous contributions.
